The Effect of Social Cognitive Theory-based Educational Intervention on the Percutaneous Injuries Rate and their Reporting among the Registered Nurses in Selected County Hospitals in Kenya

Vincent K Mukthar, Anna Karani, Waithira Murie

Abstract


Abstract 

Background: World Health Organization (2010) estimates that over 2.5% of all HIV  and other infections in sub-Saharan Africa are transmitted through blood and body fluids exposures.   Percutaneous injuries are frequent occurrences to nurses and are not always adequately assessed and/or addressed because of massive under-reporting of the accidents.

Objective:  To analyse the effectiveness of of structured education to Registered Nurses in influencing the compliance with the Standard Precautions and incidence rate of percutaneous injuries in Selected County Referral Hospitals

Methodology:  This was a prospective Quasi Experimental study. The respondents were registered nurses in the selected hospitals. These nurses were exposed to structured education as the intervention where self-administered Questionnaires and an Observational schedule were used before and after the intervention.  The study has employed both descriptive and inferential statistics to analyse the data. Results have been presented in text, tables and graphically. 

Findings:  The study established that  a previous year percutaneous injuries prevalence was still high at 32.1% with a mean frequency of 2.1(SD=1.3) injuries per respondent. The  annual percutaneous incidence rate was 18.6 and and 25.8 injuries per 100 fulltime employees respectively for the study group and  the control group after the intervention. Around  70% of the percutaneous injuries are not derreported. The self-reported knowledge scores on the Standard Precautions was 58.5%.  

Conclusion:  It is the submission of this study that both self-efficacy and collective efficacy of healthcare workers on sharp management is a product of vicarious learning by friendly and conducive environment, motivation and robust cognitive understanding.  Educational  interventions should be rooted in the Social Cognitive Theory, Thorndikes Principles of Learning for greater impacts and desirable outcomes on nurses.

Key Words: Percutaneous Injuries, Reporting, Needle Stick Injuries

Keywords


Percutaneous Injuries, Reporting, Needle Stick Injuries

Full Text:

PDF

References


Amira, C. O., & Awobusuyi, J. O. (2014). Needle-stick injury among health care workers in hemodialysis units in Nigeria: a multi-center study. The International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 5(1), 1–8.

Amuwo, S., Lipscomb, J., McPhaul, K., & Sokas, R. K. (2013). Reducing Occupational Risk for Blood and Body Fluid Exposure Among Home Care Aides: An Intervention Effectiveness Study. Home Health Care Services Quarterly, Vol 32(Issue 10). https://doi.org/doi: 10.1080/01621424.2013.851050.

Bandura, A. (2010). Self-Efficacy. In I. B. Weiner & W. E. Craighead (Eds.), The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Retrieved from http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/9780470479216.corpsy0836

Boden, L. I., Petrofsky, Y. ., Hopcia, K., Wagner, G. R., & Hashimoto, D. (2014). Understanding the Hospital Sharps Injury Reporting Pathway. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, Vol 10. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.22392

Chughlay, M. ., Njuguna, C., Cohen, K., & Maartens, G. (2015). Acute Interstitial Nephritis Caused by Lopinavir/Ritonavir in a Surgeon Receiving Antiretroviral Post-exposure Prophylaxis. AIDS(London, England), Vol 29(Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000000563.

Courtenay-Quirk, C., Selenic, D., lahuerta, M., Kassa, G., Murrman, M., & Bock, N. (2016). Development of an Intervention to Increase Occupational Pospexposure Prophylaxis in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care: JANAC, Vol 27(Issue 5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jana.2016.06.004.

Kaweti, G., & Abegaz, T. (2016). Prevalence of percutaneous injuries and associated factors among health care workers in Hawassa referral and adare District hospitals, Hawassa, Ethiopia, January 2014. BMC Public Health, 16, 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2642-0

Lori, J. R., McCullagh, M. C., Krueger, A., & Oteng, R. (2016). Sharps injuries among emergency department nurses in one tertiary care hospital in Ghana. International Emergency Nursing, 28, 14–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ienj.2015.11.007

Lu, Y., Senthilselvan, A., Joffe, A. M., & Beach, J. (2015). Effectiveness of safety-engineered devices in reducing sharp object injuries. Occupational Medicine, 65(1), 39–44. https://doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqu152

Mbaisi, E. M., Nganga, Z., Wanzala, P., & Omolo, P. (2013). Prevalence and Factors Associated with Percutaneous Injuries and Splash Exposures among Health-care workers in a Provincieal Hospital, Kenya, 2010. Pan African Medical Journal, Vol 14(Issue 10). https://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2013.14.10.1373

Mehrdad, R., Meshki, M., & Pouryagub, G. (2013). Effects of training course on occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens: a controlled interventional study. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 4(11), 1236–1242.

Mukthar, V. K., Karani, A. K., & Kangethe, S. (2009). Percutaneous Injuries Among the Nurses: The Case of Rift Valley Provincial Hospital in Kenya. Dec. 38(2). Kenya Nursing Journal., Vol 38(Issue 2).

Odongkara, B. M., Mulongo, G., Mwetwale, C., Akasiima, A., Muchunguzi, H. ., Mukasa, S., … Katende, J. (2012). Prevalence of Occupational Exposure to HIV Among Health Workers in Northern Uganda. The International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine, Vol 24(Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.3233/JRS-2012-0563

Philllips, E. K., Conaway, M., Parker, G., Perry, J., & Jagger, J. (2013). Issues in Understanding the Impact of the Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act on Hospital Sharp Injuries. Infection Control and Hospital Epideology, 34(9).

Rajkumari, N., Thanbuana, B. T., John, N. V., Gunjiyal, J., Mathur, P., & Misra, M. C. (2014). A prospective look at the burden of sharps injuries and splashes among trauma health care workers in developing countries: True picture or tip of iceberg. Injury, 45(9), 1470–1478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2014.03.001

World Health Organization. (2010). WHO Best Practices for Injections and Related Procedures Toolkit. Geneva: WHO Press.

Zawilla, N. H., & Ahmed, D. (2013). Sharps injuries among health care workers in Cairo University Hospitals. The International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine, 25(2), 79–92. https://doi.org/10.3233/JRS-130587


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2018 Kenyan Journal of Nursing & Midwifery



© Numid Publishers        ISSN:  2518-8631